Optical imaging and spectroscopy are powerful tools with the capability of nondestructive detection of biomolecules in a variety of biomedical applications ranging from basic science investigations to clinical diagnosis. In recent decades, there has been a large effort aiming at the development of reliable optical imaging and spectroscopy approaches with good performances (e.g., high resolution, high precision, good stability, and cost-effectiveness), and great progress has been made in this research field to fulfill the growing demand on them. The focus of this session is to provide an interdisciplinary forum for state-of-the-art developments in both fundamental and technological aspects of optical imaging and spectroscopy fields, including but not limited to optical imaging and spectroscopy theory, optical probes, optical imaging and spectroscopy system, optical image and signal processing as well as their biomedical applications.